IST-Magazine Solar Energy Applications for Agriculture in India

Booming Solar Energy Market in INDIA
IST E-Magazine | December, 2016

Estimates for total number of farmers in India, for 2011, accordingly range from 95.8 million (8%) to 263 million (22%) to 450 million (38%), out of a total population of over 1.2 billion. Others estimate the total number of farmers in India to be about 600 million (50% of total population). India should stop doing all other solar and just focus on giving farmers a solution for their needs. Solar power technology would be a reasonable choice for agricultural tools. Solar Photovoltaic cells (SPV) directly convert the light energy from the sun into electricity. Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems use an indirect method for the conversion process. Solar farming uses power generated from solar energy to operate agricultural or farming tools. It is simple, cost effective, reliable and long lasting. Most common agricultural tools such as tractors, watering systems, rotator, roller, planter, sprayers, broadcast seeder etc. work on battery power and fuel oil. In solar farming, the battery power is replaced with solar power, so that the usage of electricity from grid power and nonrenewable sources can be reduced.

 Solar Water Pumping System

A solar photovoltaic (SPV) water pumping system consists of solar panels, an on-off switch, a control & tracking mechanism, and a motor pump. This system essentially uses SPV cells for converting solar energy into electric current. A SPV cell array capacity can range around 200 watts to 5KWp (kilowatt peak) based on the needs of different water sources such as bore wells, open wells, reservoirs, streams, etc. 		Solar Dryer
Solar dehydrators or dryers are used in farms to dry crops before sending them to the market. The crops are dried when hot air is circulated through the shed by natural convection or using a fan. This type of
dryers have components such as solar air heaters, an electric blower, connecting ducts, a drying chamber and control systems for air temperature and flow rate. These dryers are used to dehydrate high value products.

 Solar Greenhouse
Solar Greenhouses make optimum use of solar energy for provi- ding heating and insulation. Specialized solar greenhouses can collect and store energy for night- time use or during cloudy weather. SPV cells can be used to collect solar energy for additional insulation in colder climates. In warmer climates, solar greenhouses can be used to create a cooler zone required for certain crops. Cooling pumps can be powered by SPV cells placed either on top or along the sides of the greenhouse. Solar energy can be used for ventilation systems by solar powered exhaust fan. Solar Electric Fence Solar powered electric fences are highly effective and dependable for large fields and cattle farms. So solar farming is not only environmentally friendly, but also reliable and cost effective. The time has come to switch to solar power on Indian farms!

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